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Academic Psychiatry 27:39-43, March 2003
© 2003 Academic Psychiatry


Original Articles

A Comparison of Evaluations of Male and Female Psychiatry Supervisors

Janet de Groot, M.D., Aileen Brunet, M.D., Allan S. Kaplan, M.D. and Michael Bagby, Ph.D.

This work was completed at the University of Toronto Department of Psychiatry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Address correspondence to Dr. de Groot, Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Suite 8 EN-219A, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4. E-mail: janet.degroot{at}uhn.on.ca

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether male and female psychiatry supervisors are evaluated differently by psychiatry residents. METHODS: The University of Toronto Department of Psychiatry compiled anonymous supervisor evaluations completed semiannually by psychiatry residents over a period of 3 years. Male and female psychiatry supervisors' ratings were compared by using t-tests, effect estimates, and chi-square analyses. Results from these ratings were discussed in a resident focus group. RESULTS: Female psychiatry supervisors (n=76) were rated significantly lower than male supervisors (n=222), both overall (P<0.05) and in the areas of enthusiasm (P<0.05), clarity (P<0.05), and knowledge (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Future studies comparing evaluations of supervision by male and female psychiatrists must control for academic rank, numbers of publications, and hours of teaching. Comparing evaluations of the various male–female supervisory pairs will be useful to assess for gender biases.

Key Words: Evaluation • Psychiatry Supervision • Gendered Differences




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P. E. Garfinkel, R. M. Bagby, D. R. Schuller, S. E. Dickens, F. S. Schulte, and L. Fitzgerald
Gender Differences in the Practice Characteristics and Career Satisfaction of Psychiatrists in Ontario
Acad Psychiatry, December 1, 2004; 28(4): 310 - 320.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]




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